Variability, Heritability, and Performance of Some Sugarcane Varieties under Three Surface Irrigation Regimes

Document Type : Research and Review Papers

Authors

1 Sugar Crops Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza 12619 Egypt

2 Agricultural Engineering Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza 12619 Egypt

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out at El-Mattana Agricultural 
Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt, during three growing 
seasons, where sugarcane was grown as a plant cane, 1st and 2nd
ratoon crops, respectively, to find out the effect of three irrigation 
water regimes (100, 85, and 70% of the irrigation requirement IR) 
on productivity of five sugarcane varieties, namely G.T.54-9, 
G.2003-47, G.2004-27, G.84-47, and G.99-80. A randomized 
complete block design with four replications in a split-plot 
arrangement was used. The results showed that 1st ratoon crop 
consumed the most irrigation water, followed by the 2nd ratoon crop 
and the plant cane crop. Irrigating at 70% IR was the highest in 
application efficiency, followed by 100% and 85% IR. The cane and 
sugar yields decreased with the decrease in the irrigation regime; 
however, water productivity increased with reduced irrigation 
regimes. The highest phenotypic (PCV %) and genotypic coefficient 
of variance (GCV %) values and broad-sense heritability% were 
recorded for sugar and cane yields in the plant cane and ratoon crops 
under the studied irrigation water regimes. The results showed a 
significant difference among the evaluated varieties in ratooning 
ability (RA) and most studied traits. Sugarcane G.2004-27 and 
G.2003-47 varieties exhibited higher ratooning ability, recording 
higher cane and sugar yields in both ratoon crops compared to G.84-
47 and G.99-80, which had poor performance concerning the same 
trait in the 2nd ratoon crop. This study suggests selecting varieties 
with high productivity of cane and sugar yields in addition to water 
deficit tolerance based on traits contributing to the crop that has high 
PCV%, GCV%, and heritability along with the mean value would be 
effective. The results suggested planting the G.2004-27 variety 
under normal and water-deficit conditions, and it can be used as a 
parent in breeding programs to improve the tolerance of sugarcane 
varieties to water deficit while recommending planting the G.T.54-9 
variety under normal irrigation conditions. 

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